The Uphill Battle of Creativity

Creative problem solving is needed now more than ever because the world is facing challenges bigger and more daunting that ever before: big, nasty, complicated problems like climate change, ecological collapse, social fragility from globalization, the disruptive effects of technology, and so on. But if you ask someone what we – humanity – should do about these challenges, more often than not, you’ll get some vaguely-optimistic variant of this: “Someone will think of something.”

In a way, it’s a valid response. After all, we have overcome some major hurdles in the past. We’re still here.

But if “someone will think of something” is our strategy, it seems only prudent that we should support the someones and encourage the thinking of creative somethings. Unfortunately, we do neither – and it starts in the schools.

Read More »

Book Review: Against Empathy by Paul Bloom

AgainstEmpathyCover

“Empathy” has become a cultural buzzword. After all, people don’t have enough of it, and the world would be a better place if everyone could just develop a stronger sense of empathy with those around them. At least, that’s what people are saying:

The biggest deficit that we have in our society and in the world right now is an empathy deficit. –Barack Obama

The scariest aspect of bullying is the total lack of empathy. –Emily Bazelton

Behind every progressive policy lies a single moral value: empathy… –George Lakoff

For many, “more empathy” is the answer to a wide range of societal issues. But is it? Paul Bloom, psychology professor at Yale University, sets up his book – Against Empathy: The Case for Rational Compassion – provocatively enough:

I am against empathy, and one of the goals of this book is to persuade you to be against empathy too.

Let’s see what he has to say…

Read More »

What writers can learn from comedians

Recently, I’ve been reading a lot of books on 1) the craft of writing and 2) comedy. [If you’re curious about what I’ve been reading, you can see a list of books and reviews here.] It seems to me that non-humor writers could benefit greatly from a careful study of how successful comedians operate. In this post, I’ll highlight three -perhaps unexpected- areas where comedians shine.

Read More »

Flavors of “unknown”

In The End of Alchemy, former Governor of the Bank of England Mervyn King distinguishes between two kinds of unknowns concerning the future:

In coming to terms with an unknowable future, it is helpful to use the distinction between risk and uncertainty introduced in 1921 by the American economist Frank Knight. Risk concerns events, like your house catching fire, where it is possible to define precisely the nature of the future outcome and to assign a probability to the occurrence of that event based on past experience. […] Uncertainty, by contrast, concerns events where it is not possible to define, or even imagine, all possible future outcomes, and to which probabilities cannot therefore be assigned.

Distinguishing between risk and uncertainty is crucial …

  • Because we systematically neglect thinking about uncertainty, and …
  • Because our neglect of uncertainty steers us towards “optimizing” rather than “coping”, to the detriment of our futures.

Read More »

Book Review: Writing to Learn by William Zinsser

I wrote this book to try to ease two fears that American education seems to inflict on all of us in some form. One is the fear of writing. Most people have to do some kind of writing just to get through the day – a memo, a report, a letter – and would almost rather die than do it. The other is the fear of subjects we don’t think we have an aptitude for. Students with a bent for the humanities are terrified of science and mathematics, and students with an aptitude for science and mathematics are terrified of the humanities – all those subjects like English and philosophy and the arts that can’t be pinned down with numbers or formulas. I now think that these fears are largely unnecessary burdens to lug through life.

WritingToLearnCoverThat’s how William Zinsser – writer, journalist, teacher, and former editor of the Book-of-the-Month Club – begins Writing to Learn. Part autobiography, part writing guide, and part inventory of exemplary writing from fields not renowned for their engaging prose (e.g. chemistry, mathematics, music), the book is – as you might imagine – well written. The focus is non-fiction, or as he calls it, “explanatory writing: writing that transmits existing information or ideas,” although parts of the book are relevant to fiction writing as well.

Read More »

Book Review: The Relativity of Wrong by Isaac Asimov

isaac_asimov

Often enough it’s the book itself that draws us in, but sometimes it’s the author.

Isaac Asimov was an intellectual force of nature, a truly rare event. He was extraordinarily prolific, pumping out over 500 fiction and nonfiction books on a huge range of topics. As someone who is familiar with just how much effort it takes to put together a decent book-length manuscript, I am truly in awe. It’s also mind-boggling to think that this single man wrote more books than many people read in a lifetime. And he wasn’t putting out drivel either – he was widely considered one of or perhaps the best science fiction writer of his day, and his Foundation series earned him the prestigious Hugo Award for “Best All-Time Series” – beating, among others, The Lord of the Rings by J.R.R. Tolkien!Read More »

The Bistability of Partisan Politics

Few topics today are more divisive than politics. In this post, I’ll dive into a nonpartisan, data- and logic- driven exploration of “why“. The short answer: there are distinctly different environments in which politicians operate – one that encourages compromise, and one that discourages compromise. Unfortunately, a few years ago, we left the environment that encourages compromise… and the future implications are grim.

[Note: This post focuses on US politics, but I’ll wager that the reasoning extends equally well to most two-party democracies.]Read More »

Flat-Earth theory, climate change, and “the relativity of wrong”

Published in 1989 by the legendarily prolific Isaac Asimov, the essay “The Relativity of Wrong” makes a couple of punchy points about the progress of scientific understanding through time.

Throughout the essay, he convincingly argues that just because two ideas are both wrong, they are not necessarily equally wrong.

The basic trouble, you see, is that people think that “right” and “wrong” are absolute; that everything that isn’t perfectly and completely right is totally and equally wrong. However, I don’t think that’s so. It seems to me that right and wrong are fuzzy concepts…

Read More »

Book Review: Finite and Infinite Games by James P. Carse

Stewart Brand, editor of the Whole Earth Catalog, said of Finite and Infinite Games, written by James P. Carse: “A number of people have been recommending this book to me. I’ve read it, and I’m not yet sure it’s not horse exhaust.”

Other high-profile reviews at the time of its publication, in 1986, were less indecisive – it’s definitely horse exhaust. But here we are, over thirty years later, with the book standing the test of time. It continues to sell well, and many recent readers adore it. What gives?Read More »